Introduction
Today governments to spend a huge share of their revenues on research and development of nanotechnology, but it is very difficult to pinpoint opportunities and applications of nanotechnology. Nanonscientists and engineers face a major challenge for communication with non-scientific fraternity . After years of contemplation, many errors have been developed in the area, fallacies make it difficult for To understand stock and also for companies and financial stress, which is a fundamental change that affects our interactions with the natural world. The article aims to redress these illusions and the reasons why spending nanoscientists business houses and governments time and money on research and development of nanoscale.
Already, nanotechnology
If you ask an ordinary person and other experts (scientists or engineers) from nanotechnololgy> Nanotechnology is, we got many responses. Many scientists do not consider technology as an infant because they know that we worked on the nanoscale for many years by electron microscopy, scanning probe microscopes, think, grow or analysis of thin films. But for many people flying nanotechnology is something much more ambitious, more submarines in a circle, from atoms and small gears are miniature space elevator and the nanotubesThe colonization of space. People are often confused between nanotechnology and science fiction.
Nanoscale
International Standards Organisation has declared the meter as the length of the path traveled by light in vacuum during a travel time of 1 / 299 792 458 seconds, and according to this definition nanometer is 10-9. Although International Standards Organisation has given the definitions of meter and nanometer, scientists are not in a position down to the nanoscale to Those who are communicatingScientists. People tend to compare the sizes of nanotechnology for everyday objects are useful in our lives and the easiest analogy with the width of a human hair.
Unfortunately, the growth of hair is very uneven, ranging from billion microns in diameter (10-6 of a meter). This growth depends on the color, style and part of our body from which hair torn out, then we need a model where we compare the nanoscale. Few know, they learnedWhat is the millionth or billionth of something, in this situation, it would be easier to compare the atoms of nanotechnology. Only a few non-scientists have learned about the size of an atom, and then comparing the size of nanometers, the size of 10 hydrogen or 5 silicon atoms in a series of human mind to understand. It does not matter to atoms to discuss the exact dimensions, applications, which can spread the fact that nanotechnology is the care of the smallest pieces of material we to operate.
Nanotechnology is not science fiction
Most people have the impression that the years nanotechnology is a modern science, its applications in the next 25, but nanotechnology is not science fiction at all. More than a dozen Nobel prizes have been awarded the age of nanotechnology in the last 15, the category of those prices range from the development of scanning probe microscopy (SPM), the discovery of fullerenes. The> Nanotechnology has profound influence on many small businesses to venture capital to support beginners to some of the business heavyweights such as IBM and Samsung. As by CMP Cientifica, more than 600 companies are active in nanotechnology. Governments and companies have spent more than $ 4,000,000,000 nanotechnology, after last year alone. The technology has its presence in educational institutions in the world.
What is praiseworthy is that companies haveNanotechnology deals began to different products, we, like the purchase of spare parts, clothing and ski wax. The omnipresence of nanotechnology can be perceived only if we have eyes for that.
The trouble is that people do not know many companies where the research of nanotechnology in providing information. This technology has a great positive influence on the main channels of electronic communication, such as computers, software, Internet and mobile phones. AdditivesPlastic particles for improved steels, coatings and improved catalysts for the petrochemical industry nanocarbon are part of the material on the primary functions of nanotechnology. All these industries technology and folded back, maybe not new, but financially viable.
The nanotechnology industry
Nanotechnology has become a common theme for the people during the discussion of technology in general. The word comes from Nanofrom the mouth as easily as it comes to software and phones, but what about the future of this technology. Companies using nanotechnology, the implementation of our knowledge to make nano-size industries if it is improved drug delivery mechanisms for the pharmaceutical industry, manufacturing or nanoclay particles for the plastics industry. It 'hard to swallow the fact that nanotechnology has no independent existence, because it is an authorizationTechnology, other industries will strengthen against the fierce competition of the 21st Century. For example, it would be wrong to declare that Microsoft and Oracle are part of the electricity sector, but the fact is that the software industry should stand still without electricity. Rather, nanotechnology is an important awareness of how nature operates on the atomic scale. This awareness will give new industries, such as knowledge, how electrons move in aConductor, applying a potential difference led to electric light, telephone, computer, Internet and many other areas, each of which without them would have thought.
For example, you can purchase a package of nanotechnology, nanotubes, one gram, at least have substantial value. The real importance of the nanotubes would be in their function, both in the context of the existing industry or to induce the formation of entirely new.
ExoticTravel
It is a concept accepted the benefits of nanotechnology, to minimize the cells affected machines can be installed to recognize the human body and to heal, and that thought is very close to the action. Many companies have already decided this technology in clinical trials for drug development systems of distribution, but do not contain midget submarine. There are better methods for nano nanotechnology to enhance a better distribution of medicines.
Aneed to carry, no-nonsense analysis, the idea of an itinerary in the whole body to be disposed. It's like going against the flow of blood in the arteries – you can not swim against the current in a fast flowing river, Where are Peter comes to the form of red and white. Prevailing medical applications of nanotechnology do not require advanced methods of distribution, such as lung or skin methods, coatings for delivery and prolonged release and, finally, integrationevidence for the supply, so that drugs can be delivered precisely where it is required and the side effects on healthy tissue and cell.
Shrinkage order
People believe that nanotechnology brings is to make things smaller, this is a misconception that people must get rid of it. This belief was the tiny little pictures of bulls and guitars, which can be played with the tip of the AFM, has been further complicated, it can be flashed in news, But other than the displayour new control of matter at sub-micron. Unlike micro-technologies that are far more associated with macro-tiny instruments such as transistors and mechanical systems and to do, nanotechnology is more likely to do with our power to create from the bottom. In electronics, there is a growing awareness that integrated after the end of the roadmap with a view to about 10 nm CMOS, the main limit on the Von Neumann Electronics to 2 nmthat things will not help most of us very little. If CMOS transistors would be replaced on a 1-1 basis with a kind of nano-tools, which may affect the cost of production, which would INCREASE extreme, while introducing them to only a slight improvement over current technology.
But with the help of nanotechnology, we can find a way, a way out of technological and financial blindly through the development of tools from the ground. Methods such as self-organization, possibly supportedModels formed by Nano Imprint Lithography Combined with our knowledge of the functioning of polymers and molecules as Rotoxane nanoscale opens a whole range of new possibilities. For the production of intelligent tools and economic information, our knowledge on the behavior of materials at a variety of small molecules of alternative methods, if avoidance is the second Moore's Law, moving to plastic electronics or with the help of ' molecular electronics. Our new knowledge canwe would not order the density of transistors or operations per second to create new architectures, as result of a genuine flow.
Nanotechnology is new
And 'our belief that the Romans and Chinese were centuries ago with nanoparticles. Similarly, every time you light a match, fullerenes are produced. Degusssa since 1920 have produced carbon black, a substance that is black and the tires do improve wear resistancerubber. When using this technology but did not think that was because nanotechnology and she can not verify the particle size, could not take advantage of nanotechnology, as we use today.
Today, we are able to recognize and treat not only the matter at the nanoscale, but also understand the interactions at the atomic scale, and this is something new about nanotechnology.
Build atom by atom
In 1989, when Don Eigler an SPM in order to recognize letters usedIBM in xenon atoms, proved to be one of the decisive moments in the history of nanotechnology. For the first time we make a perfect sequence of atoms have been successful, and when their retention of absolute zero was a great challenge. On the one hand may have been useful sequencing atoms are to improve our knowledge of the nano-world, the other is useless in industrial processes. For example, a Pentium 4 processor contains 42 million transistors, we would need 42 x 102 to simplify procedurestransistors on a cube of 100 atoms, and that's before tackling the other materials and tools in a processor of task.
Our strength is to build things, atom by atom on a large scale physical chemistry, this chemistry has been used for a century and has produced everything from nitrate salt. For us who are not required to have a table top mounting, usually a few barrels of precursor and a catalyst enough.
Our complication wouldto increase while the road to micro, it would be better to play with the cells, cytoplasm, mitochondria, chromosomes, ribosomes, and many other highly complex environmental engineering. Nanoscale area even more susceptible to act, nucleic acids, nucleotides, peptides and proteins, the aliens seem to us, or even expect that the execution should be understood in the near future, the great challenges before us.
Attack of the Killer nanobots
Sun seize the imaginationCamp is a popular practice for a series of self-release, duplication of tools to escape from the lab and attack anything in their path. To our misfortune, Nature, many centuries ago, has given us to do so defeated. To ensure that our attempts to eradicate, as they do, events natural nanomachines can not only copy and change, but their guests can escape easily and terrifying journey through the atmosphere. Not facing an astonishing fact that viruses recognized the mostBodies, with most of their "machine" is also in the nano range. However, there are restrictions on the distribution of "nanobots", through their strength, or lack of transformation, a sufficiently broad range of material needed for the future development adopted. Although the immune systems of many species not in a position to make viruses are ineffective without side effects Such as running nose, they are empowered to take measures of this type of risk as a result of large-scaleRange of different technologies available for a big problem if the complex life face to face with a single purpose, a face nanoscale. From the nano world to become a threat, that they should take more intellect and kindness than might create in him.
Nature knows more than we know of genomics and proteomics, and projected for the future, this image can not be changed. A person is very concerned about the human race must consider the virus mutationssuch as HIV, can produce that allows the transfer of mosquitoes or more versions of the deadly flu virus has everything from nanotechnology, which should be greater attention is paid.
Conclusions
Like any other branch of science, is concerned that technology with the functions of nature. In relation to nature, we are still in our infancy in the manufacture of instruments and manipulation of matter. Nature is in a position competent enough for systems that do not create more or less functionthat is, without waste.
Although nanotechnology, many divisions, under the pretext of not aliens, the new power to notice and has the atomic scale, in combination with existing technologies makes our nanotechnology irrefutable scientific, commercial and political perspectives.
As a scientist took the 17th and 18th Century to present academic infrastructure, the researchers developed a set of human knowledge, and that was a long timediscover motivating impulse. If we consider ourselves to be, wants to close the world, one must understand, nanotechnology, and this knowledge for generations to create motivation and encouragement for many future scientists.
Entrepreneurs that nanotechnology, like any other technology, to share a single use, increase their profits. This can minimize the costs of production are carried out, for example, they are catalysts, the powers are used in the chemical orto develop new products, such as new drug delivery systems or stain clothes, or create entirely new markets.
Despite the setbacks, cool, resulting in the development and acceptance of information technology have made the dominance of the United States in terms of financial growth. So, politically, we can say that fear is the main motivation. Lead in military technology is as important as displayed through the use of pilotless drones for surveillance and fought in a new attack. ThisTechnology to introduce the most important changes in economic, military and cultural, as technology develops rapidly, and expansion and adoption of shorter cycles, will be in catch-up is not an option for governments that are not already in action.
Nanotechnology offers many physical and biological sciences, which have long been separated from all education services. This advantage is obviously a short life. Besides nanosubmarinesNanobots and murderess, the wider use of nanotechnology is the union of science and the resultant force of scientists, faced with a problem for science require the resources of the whole, not just a branch.
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